I own a Rolex Sub, a 16610 to be exact, it resides in a safety deposit box for my oldest son when I croak. I also owned a Sinn U1.
To compare the two is akin to comparing a Porsche to an M1-A 1 Abrams battle tank.
If you want a "real" dive watch that is literally built like a tank (uses German Sub Steel) pick the Sinn or do you want highly polished, status symbol wrist jewelry that is today's Rolex?
Choice is yours, Sinn for actual diving, Rolex for status symbol desk diving.
In the questions you posed above about the different features of the watch, I can state that the Sinn is a better (Tool) watch in all regards except perhaps the movement and the lume.
Sub Steel is much more scratch and salt water resistant then 904L stainless Rolex uses. Gaskets and crown stem and crystal on the Sinn are just a good, if not better then the Rolex, considering the U1 is rated to 1,000m WR (with no need for helium escape valve) while the Rolex is only 300m
Bezel on the Rolex is very nice, and feels smoother then the Sinn which has a floating bezel that does feel a bit sloppy, but is yet very secure.
Basically, the Rolex is built for "Show" while the Sinn is built for "Go"!
The original Subs used to be built as "Tool" watches (original Bond types Subs) but they have marketed themselves and morphed into Luxury status to the point where almost no diver would even consider wearing his Rolex on an actual Scuba dive.
Bottom line is this, if I were given a choice of one watch to wear, and the choice was between these two, I would chose the Rolex, it truly is a watch that can be used in almost any situation, boardroom, to bedroom, to Bar Mitzvah to Beach. The Sinn will only look like it is not out of place in a couple of those situations.
P.S. I have owned three different Sinn watches, the 556i the 856, and the U1, all very well made watches, I ended up flipping them because they were just a little too much "Tool" looking for my tastes. But that's just me!